Five EU nations urge citizens to keep emergency cash reserves

Austria, Finland, Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands now advise households to keep €70–100 in cash for 72 hours of essentials. The guidance extends a 2025 EU stockpile push driven by war, climate disasters and cyber-attacks — like the Marks & Spencer breach that halted UK online orders for weeks. The ECB calls cash critical to crisis preparedness and wants EU legislation protecting ATM networks.