Russian-Linked Rybar Seeded Ceuta Disinformation, Pravda Network Amplified in Seven Languages

Counter-disinformation group 411 traced far-right propaganda during Ceuta's migration crisis to Rybar, a Telegram channel tied to Russian intelligence and sanctioned in Europe. The Kremlin-backed Pravda network then amplified it across platforms in seven languages, drawing 720,000 views in six hours on 1 August — a rapid-response model that shifts to new flashpoints within hours.