Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Pakistan Sign Mutual-Defense Pact in Jeddah

On August 7, 2026, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan signed a trilateral defense pact in Jeddah: an attack on one is an attack on all, echoing NATO's Article 5. Unlike NATO, the pact has no integrated command structure, so the thresholds that would trigger a response and the mechanisms for coordinating during a crisis remain undefined.